BPSC TRE 2.0 (2023) Computer Science Class 11-12 — Previous Year Paper

Explanation

"Month" begins with a consonant sound and here means any one month, so the indefinite article "a" is used.

Explanation

"Engineer" begins with a vowel sound, so "an engineer".

Explanation

A pillow, a table lamp and curtains are all things found in a bedroom, so more than one option is correct.

Explanation

Window, ceiling and floor are all parts of a room, so more than one option is correct.

Explanation

In the Indian season cycle the rainy season (monsoon) is followed by autumn and then winter, so it comes before winter, not spring or summer.

Explanation

The eighth month of the year is August, which is not among the options.

Explanation

A sister-in-law can be your husband's sister, your wife's sister or your brother's wife, so all three are correct.

Explanation

Cousins are the children of one's uncles and aunts, on the mother's side (maternal) or the father's side (paternal). They are not siblings, so (A) and (B) are correct.

Explanation

जिस संज्ञा से किसी द्रव्य या पदार्थ (धातु, अनाज, तरल आदि) का बोध हो, उसे द्रव्यवाचक संज्ञा कहते हैं; 'चाँदी' एक धातु है।

Explanation

'छाया' एकवचन है। 'हस्ताक्षर' और 'आँसू' सदा बहुवचन में प्रयुक्त होने वाले शब्द हैं।

Explanation

'क्ष' संयुक्त व्यंजन (क् + ष) है, इसलिए शब्दकोश में यह 'क' वर्ण के अंतर्गत, 'क' के बाद आता है।

Explanation

'जिसकी ... उसे' में 'जिसकी' एक वाक्यांश को दूसरे से जोड़ता है, अतः यह संबंधवाचक सर्वनाम है।

Explanation

विशेषण के मुख्य भेद हैं – गुणवाचक, संख्यावाचक, परिमाणवाचक और सार्वनामिक। 'असार्वनामिक' विशेषण का कोई भेद नहीं है।

Explanation

'वीभत्स' अशुद्ध है, शुद्ध रूप 'बीभत्स' है। 'लगान' और 'आगामी' शुद्ध हैं।

Explanation

'क्षत्रिय' शुद्ध है। 'क्षत्रीय' अशुद्ध है और 'उज्जवल' का शुद्ध रूप 'उज्ज्वल' है।

Explanation

'स्नेह' संस्कृत का तत्सम शब्द है। 'घर' (गृह से) और 'छेद' (छिद्र से) तद्भव हैं।

Explanation

'चाय' चीनी भाषा से आया विदेशी शब्द है। 'परीक्षा' तत्सम और 'बाघ' (व्याघ्र से) तद्भव है।

Explanation

जिन शब्दों के खंड करने पर उनका कोई अर्थ न निकले, वे रूढ़ शब्द कहलाते हैं, जैसे – घर, कमल।

Explanation

'बालिका लजाती है' में कोई कर्म नहीं है, क्रिया का फल कर्ता पर ही पड़ता है, अतः अकर्मक क्रिया है। अन्य वाक्यों में कर्म ('उसे', 'गागर') है।

Explanation

'परवल' लोकभाषा से आया देशज शब्द है। 'आवारा' फारसी का और 'भौंरा' (भ्रमर से) तद्भव शब्द है।

Explanation

'जलधारा' (जल + धारा) और 'महर्षि' (महा + ऋषि) सार्थक खंडों से बने यौगिक शब्द हैं, जबकि 'लकड़ी' रूढ़ है; अतः एक से अधिक विकल्प सही हैं।

Explanation

'खारिज' (रद्द, अस्वीकृत) अरबी भाषा का शब्द है।

Explanation

कुंजी के अनुसार तीनों युग्म सही हैं: 'कोमलांगिनी' का शुद्ध रूप 'कोमलांगी', 'सुश्रूषा' का 'शुश्रूषा' और 'माहात्म' का शुद्ध रूप 'माहात्म्य' है (विकल्प में 'महात्म्य' छपा है, जिसे मुद्रण-त्रुटि माना गया है)।

Explanation

'उज्ज्वल' (उत् + ज्वल) शुद्ध वर्तनी है, जिसमें ज् + ज्व आता है। 'उज्वल' और 'उज्जवल' अशुद्ध हैं।

Explanation

स्क्रीन पर वर्तमान स्थिति बताने वाला टिमटिमाता छोटा चिह्न 'करसर' (cursor) कहलाता है।

Explanation

'कुरुक्षेत्र' (1946) प्रबंध काव्य के रचयिता रामधारी सिंह 'दिनकर' हैं, जो किसी विकल्प में नहीं हैं।

Explanation

इन पंक्तियों में यशोदा का बालक कृष्ण के प्रति स्नेह (पालना झुलाना, दुलारना) वर्णित है; संतान-स्नेह का रस वात्सल्य है।

Explanation

अपभ्रंश से आधुनिक भारतीय भाषाओं के विकास के साथ हिन्दी का उद्भव लगभग 1000 ई॰ के आसपास माना जाता है।

Explanation

क्षमाशील, गम्भीर, स्थिरचित्त, स्वाभिमानी और दृढ़व्रत नायक 'धीरोदात्त' कहलाता है, जैसे राम।

Explanation

जिन शब्दों पर लिंग, वचन, कारक का प्रभाव नहीं पड़ता और रूप नहीं बदलता, वे अविकारी (अव्यय) शब्द कहलाते हैं।

Explanation

Area of four walls = 15000/10 = 1500 m². Wall area = perimeter × height, so 250 × h = 1500 and h = 6 m.

Explanation

Negative integers like −3 are not whole numbers, so 'every integer is a whole number' is false. The other two statements are true.

Explanation

Official BPSC answer key: (A). By calculation the 7 consecutive numbers are 17, 18, …, 23 (average 20), so the largest is 23, option (C).

Explanation

A quadratic has two distinct real roots when the discriminant b² − 4ac > 0; = 0 gives equal roots and < 0 gives no real roots.

Explanation

Together per day: 1/25 + 1/20 = 9/100; in 5 days 45/100 is done. The remaining 55/100 at Sohan's rate 1/20 per day takes 55/100 × 20 = 11 days.

Explanation

X = (a + b)(a − b) = 15(a − b). If a = b, X = 0 < 30 = Y, so (A) and (C) are both true. If a > b, X can still be less than 30 (e.g. a − b = 1), so (B) is not always true.

Explanation

A non-leap year has 365 days = 52 weeks + 1 day. That one extra day must be a Sunday, probability 1/7.

Explanation

49 = 7², so 12x + 6 = 2(3x + 12) = 6x + 24, giving 6x = 18 and x = 3.

Explanation

In myopia (short-sightedness) the image of distant objects forms in front of the retina, so distant objects look blurred; it is corrected with a concave lens.

Explanation

Heredity, the passing of traits from parents to offspring, is studied in genetics.

Explanation

Zinc is more reactive than tin and would react with acids in food to form harmful compounds, so the less reactive tin is used.

Explanation

In photosynthesis CO₂ gains hydrogen (and loses oxygen) to form carbohydrates, so it is reduced.

Explanation

Printer resolution and print quality are measured in dots per inch (dpi).

Explanation

Trachoma is a bacterial (Chlamydia trachomatis) infection of the eyes that can cause blindness.

Explanation

Chemical properties depend on the number of protons and electrons. Adding neutrons only makes an isotope of the same element.

Explanation

Designer Martin Grasser created the final version of Twitter's blue bird logo in 2012, before it was replaced by 'X' in 2023.

Explanation

Oppenheimer (2023), about J. Robert Oppenheimer and the atomic bomb, was written and directed by Christopher Nolan.

Explanation

In July 2023 the Australian state of Victoria withdrew from hosting the 2026 Commonwealth Games, citing costs that had risen far above the estimate.

Explanation

The opposition alliance formed in July 2023 is the Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance (I.N.D.I.A.).

Explanation

When the Chandrayaan-2 orbiter made two-way contact with the Chandrayaan-3 lander Vikram in August 2023, ISRO reported its message as 'Welcome, buddy!'.

Explanation

Official BPSC answer key: (C) Jiang Zemin. Note: the President of China in 1989 was Yang Shangkun (B).

Explanation

Leo Varadkar became Taoiseach (Prime Minister) of Ireland for a second time in December 2022. Sanna Marin was Finland's PM and Robert Abela is Malta's PM.

Explanation

Official BPSC answer key: (C). Note: the African Union chairperson at the 2023 G-20 summit was Azali Assoumani (A); Ursula von der Leyen heads the European Commission.

Explanation

By area, the coastal plains are the smallest unit, followed by the central highlands and the Great Plains, with the northern mountains the largest, as per the official key.

Explanation

From north to south the ranges are Karakoram, Ladakh, Zanskar and then Pir Panjal (the Lesser Himalaya, south of the Kashmir valley).

Explanation

As per the standard textbook statement and the official key, most cyclones of the monsoon season originate between 10°N and 15°N latitude, mainly over the Bay of Bengal.

Explanation

The Eastern Ghats are old, low and worn-down hills with relatively low landslide risk. The Himalaya and the steep, heavy-rainfall Western Ghats are highly landslide-prone.

Explanation

The Coromandel (east) coast faces the Bay of Bengal, where most violent tropical cyclones form, especially in October-November. Malabar and Konkan are on the west coast.

Explanation

Running water cutting deep channels (gullies) in clayey soil is gully erosion, which creates badlands like the Chambal ravines. Sheet erosion removes a thin top layer over a large area.

Explanation

The Coromandel coast (Tamil Nadu) gets most of its rain in October-November from the retreating (north-east) monsoon.

Explanation

Horticulture is the cultivation of fruits, vegetables and flowers; floriculture is only flowers.

Explanation

Kunwar Singh of Jagdishpur led the 1857 revolt in the Ara-Shahabad region of Bihar, at about 80 years of age.

Explanation

The Partition of Bengal announced by Lord Curzon came into effect on 16 October 1905, which was observed as a day of mourning.

Explanation

The AICC adopted the Quit India Resolution at Gowalia Tank, Bombay, on 8 August 1942; the leaders were arrested early on 9 August.

Explanation

The British kept power by setting communities against each other, the 'Divide and Rule' policy (e.g. partition of Bengal, separate electorates).

Explanation

Queen Victoria's Proclamation, which transferred rule from the East India Company to the Crown, was read by Lord Canning at Allahabad on 1 November 1858.

Explanation

All three statements are correct: Ram Mohan Roy pioneered modern (English) education, Dayanand gave the call 'India for Indians', and Vivekananda spoke at the Parliament of World Religions, Chicago (1893).

Explanation

Dadabhai Naoroji lived in England for many years, became the first Indian member of the British House of Commons (1892), and put India's case there, so he is called India's unofficial ambassador.

Explanation

Official BPSC answer key: (B). Note: the “Charter of Slavery” remark is most often attributed to Jawaharlal Nehru, who is not among the options.

Explanation

The CPU is called the brain of the computer because it carries out all instructions, performs calculations in the ALU and controls every other unit through the control unit.

Explanation

Intel 8085 (1976) is an 8-bit microprocessor. 8-bit chips such as the 8008, 8080 and 8085 make up the second generation, after the 4-bit 4004 of the first generation.

Explanation

The third generation consists of 16-bit processors such as the Intel 80286. Its 24 address lines can address 2²⁴ bytes, which is 16 MB of memory.

Explanation

A microprocessor is a complete CPU (ALU, control unit and registers) on one integrated circuit. A microcontroller is different because it also puts memory and I/O on the chip.

Explanation

A microcontroller puts a CPU, RAM, ROM and I/O ports on a single chip, so it is a complete computer on one chip. A microprocessor holds only the CPU.

Explanation

A joystick is a lever that can move in any direction, and it is the standard input device for playing video games. Mice and trackballs are general pointing devices.

Explanation

ROM is non-volatile and read-only, so it stores fixed software such as firmware and the BIOS that is not normally updated. SRAM and DRAM are volatile working memory.

Explanation

A CD drive reads and writes the disc with a laser beam, which is why it is an optical drive. A hard disk uses magnetic heads, and RAM is electronic.

Explanation

An assembler translates assembly-language mnemonics into the equivalent machine code. A compiler works on high-level languages, and a linker joins object files together.

Explanation

A compiler translates the whole high-level program into machine code (object code) in one go. An assembler handles assembly language, and a loader loads programs into memory.

Explanation

An interpreter translates and executes a high-level program one statement at a time. A compiler, by contrast, translates the whole program at once.

Explanation

Oracle is a database management system (RDBMS), not an operating system. Linux and Windows are operating systems.

Explanation

An operating system runs directly on the hardware, manages its resources and provides the platform on which other software runs. System software is a wider category that also includes utilities and translators.

Explanation

Scandisk (which checks a disk) and Format (which prepares a disk) are system tools or utilities. A folder is only a container for organising files.

Explanation

Shift + Delete deletes a file permanently and skips the Recycle Bin. Delete on its own moves the file to the Recycle Bin.

Explanation

A digital computer has three main parts: the CPU for processing, memory for storage, and I/O devices for input and output. The ALU is part of the CPU, so option (B) is not right.

Explanation

FFFF in hex is 65535, so the addresses run from 0000 to FFFF. That is 65536 = 2¹⁶ locations, which is 64K.

Explanation

Magnetic tape is the cheapest storage per bit, and also the slowest. Registers and cache are the fastest and most expensive, so they cost the most per bit.

Explanation

In binary measures, Kilo = 2¹⁰, Mega = 2²⁰, Giga = 2³⁰ and Tera = 2⁴⁰ bytes.

Explanation

The loader (the bootstrap loader) always stays in main memory, because it has to load other programs into memory before they can run. The linker and assembler are loaded only when needed.

Explanation

The prefix * + ab − cd means (a + b) * (c − d). In postfix this becomes ab+ followed by cd−, then *, which gives ab+cd−*.

Explanation

Infix-to-postfix conversion pushes operators and parentheses onto a stack. It pops them according to precedence and associativity.

Explanation

A queue is FIFO (first in, first out). Elements are added at the rear and removed from the front.

Explanation

A queue works on FIFO (first in, first out), so the element inserted first is removed first.

Explanation

A stack works on LIFO (last in, first out). Push and pop both happen at the top.

Explanation

A constructor runs automatically each time an object of the class is created, and it initialises that object. Declaring a class does not call it.

Explanation

In C++, members of a struct are public by default, and so is struct inheritance. This is the main difference from a class.

Explanation

In C++, members of a class are private by default unless an access specifier says otherwise.

Explanation

A C++ class bundles data members and member functions together into one unit, which is encapsulation.

Explanation

C++ has three access specifiers: public, private and protected.

Explanation

The scope resolution operator :: defines a member function outside its class, for example void A::show() { }.

Explanation

Inheritance lets a derived class reuse the data and functions of an existing base class without rewriting them.

Explanation

The innermost i is 30. ::i is the scope resolution operator and refers to the global i, which is 10, so the output is 30,10. Note that :: is valid in C++, not C.

Explanation

An inline function's body is substituted at the call site, so there is no function-call overhead and execution is faster. It usually makes the code bigger, not smaller.

Explanation

a << 2 shifts 5 (101) left by two bits, giving 10100 = 20, which is the same as 5 × 4. The output is FIRST20SECOND.

Explanation

Official BPSC answer key: (C). Note: most textbooks expand cout as “character output” (B).

Explanation

A program is an ordered set of instructions that tells the computer what to do. Memory and storage only hold the program.

Explanation

A computer program is an algorithm written in a programming language that the computer can run. A flowchart only represents the logic in a diagram.

Explanation

In a mesh topology, every node has a dedicated link to every other node. If one link fails, other paths still exist, so mesh is the most reliable.

Explanation

The transport layer (for example TCP) provides end-to-end, process-to-process delivery between the source and destination hosts. The network layer only routes packets hop by hop.

Explanation

Residual error rate is the transport-layer QoS parameter for the fraction of messages lost or garbled out of all messages sent in the sampling period.

Explanation

E-mail sends small amounts of data and does not need to arrive instantly, so it does not need high-speed equipment. Bulk data transfer and LAN links do.

Explanation

A bus topology connects all devices to one shared cable called the backbone.

Explanation

A LAN (local area network) covers a small area such as a room, a floor or a building. MAN covers a city and WAN covers large distances.

Explanation

An IPv4 address is 32 bits long, written as four 8-bit octets (for example 192.168.1.1). An IPv6 address is 128 bits.

Explanation

A MAC address is a 48-bit (6-byte) hardware address, usually written as 12 hex digits, for example 00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E.

Explanation

Hacking means gaining unauthorised access to computer systems or files, often remotely through networks or terminals.

Explanation

The defining feature of a virus is that it replicates itself (clones itself) into other programs or files. Damaging data or programs is possible but not essential.

Explanation

Software piracy is copying, distributing or using software without the permission (licence) of its authors or copyright holders.

Explanation

The partition table in the MBR describes where each partition lies on the disk. If it is corrupted, the system cannot find any partition, so the whole disk becomes inaccessible.

Explanation

A foreign key is an attribute in one table that refers to the primary key of another table. It links the two tables and enforces referential integrity.

Explanation

2NF requires 1NF plus full functional dependency of every non-key attribute on the whole primary key, so there are no partial dependencies.

Explanation

A domain is the set of allowed values, or data type, for an attribute (column) in a relation.

Explanation

Degree is the number of attributes (columns) in a relation. Cardinality is the number of tuples (rows).

Explanation

UPDATE changes the values of existing rows, for example UPDATE t SET col = val WHERE .... INSERT adds rows and ALTER changes the table structure.

Explanation

SELECT retrieves (queries) data from one or more tables. DISPLAY and SHOW are not standard SQL query commands.

Explanation

ALTER TABLE changes a table's structure, for example to add, drop or modify columns. UPDATE changes data, not structure.

Explanation

LIKE matches patterns using the wildcards % (any sequence) and _ (one character). IN tests a list and BETWEEN tests a range.

Explanation

Degree (attributes) becomes 4 + 3 = 7 and cardinality (tuples) becomes 3 + 4 = 7, so both are 7.

Explanation

DROP TABLE removes the whole table, structure and data. DELETE removes only rows, and ERASE is not an SQL command.

Explanation

The program counter (PC) holds the address of the next instruction to be fetched. It is incremented after each fetch.

Explanation

The instruction register (IR) holds the instruction that is currently being decoded and executed.

Explanation

The memory address register (MAR) holds the address of the memory location being read or written. The memory buffer register (MBR) holds the data itself.

Explanation

A buffer is temporary storage that evens out the difference in data-flow speed between two devices, such as a CPU and a printer.

Explanation

In random access memory, any location can be reached in the same fixed time once its address is given. Sequential memory, such as tape, depends on position.

Explanation

Take X=4, Y=3 and add 4567 + 2345 in octal. 7+5 = 12 = 4 carry 1, 6+4+1 = 3 carry 1, 5+3+1 = 1 carry 1, 4+2+1 = 7. The sum is 7134 = (71YX)₈.

Explanation

With n bits, two's complement covers −2ⁿ⁻¹ to 2ⁿ⁻¹ − 1. For 8 bits that is −128 to +127.

Explanation

(12C9)₁₆ = 1 0010 1100 1001₂. Regrouped in threes from the right this is 1 001 011 001 001 = (11311)₈, so X = 3 and Y = 1.

Explanation

For 1000, inverting gives 0111 and adding 1 gives 1000, so it equals its own 2's complement. 1000 is −8, which has no positive counterpart in 4 bits.

Explanation

The expression is (9753)₁₆ = 1001 0111 0101 0011₂. The 1s per group are 2 + 3 + 2 + 2 = 9.

Explanation

x + x′y = (x + x′)(x + y) = 1·(x + y) = x + y, using the distributive law.

Explanation

AB + AB′ = A(B + B′) = A, and A + A′C + AC = A + C. The result A + C does not contain B.

Explanation

By the distributive law of Boolean algebra, A + BC = (A + B)(A + C).

Explanation

By the absorption law, x + xy = x(1 + y) = x.

Explanation

By absorption, x(x + y) = x + xy = x.

Explanation

There are four complements in a row, an even number, so they cancel out and the result is x.

Explanation

With n variables there are 2^(2ⁿ) Boolean functions. For n = 2 that is 2⁴ = 16.

Explanation

F covers minterms 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7. Minterms 1, 3, 5 and 7 group to C, and 2 and 3 group to A′B, so F = C + A′B.

Explanation

NAND (like NOR) is a universal gate, because AND, OR and NOT can all be built from NAND gates alone.

Explanation

x′y + xy′ is XOR, and XOR needs at least 4 NAND gates. One NAND makes (xy)′, two NANDs combine it with x and with y, and a fourth NAND joins their outputs.