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CIL MT · Topic-wise previous year questions

Computer Science Previous Year Questions (page 2)

299 Computer Science questions asked in CIL MT previous year papers, each with the correct answer and explanation. Read them free on UTpaper, or attempt the full papers as timed online tests.

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Data Structures 56DBMS & SQL 53Theory of Computation & Compilers 27Digital Logic & Number Systems 26Computer Networks 22Operating Systems 21Algorithms 16Computer Organization & Architecture 16Programming in C/C++ 11Discrete Mathematics 10
Q51CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
Which of the following statements correctly describes the power set of the set {a, b}?
  1. AIt is the set containing only the singleton subsets of {a, b}
  2. BIt is the set containing only the empty set of {a, b}
  3. CIt is the set containing all possible subsets of {a, b}
  4. DIt is the set containing only the original set {a, b}
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Correct answer: (C) It is the set containing all possible subsets of {a, b}

Q52CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
Given a code snippet in C programming language as follows: int a = 10; int *p; int **w; p = &a; which statement correctly assigns the address of 'p' to 'w'?
  1. Aw = &p;
  2. Bw = p;
  3. Cw = &&a;
  4. Dw = *p;
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Correct answer: (A) w = &p;

Q53CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
Suppose an array contains N elements. Which of the following best represents the time complexity of traversing every alternate element?
  1. AO(N²)
  2. BO(1)
  3. CO(log N)
  4. DO(N)
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Correct answer: (D) O(N)

Q54CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
Which of the following is NOT a common design issue that needs to be addressed in each layer of a computer network?
  1. ADetermining the color scheme of the user interface
  2. BAddressing and identifying devices on the network
  3. CData transmission and error control
  4. DFlow control and sequencing of data
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Correct answer: (A) Determining the color scheme of the user interface

Q55CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
In paging, the page table is used to:
  1. AHandle external fragmentation
  2. BMap logical pages to physical frames
  3. CStore the physical addresses of all processes
  4. DKeep track of free frames only
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Correct answer: (B) Map logical pages to physical frames

Q56CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
Consider a Mealy machine designed to process a sequence representing the presence of mineral samples ('M') and non-mineral samples ('N') during a geological survey. The machine outputs 'A' when the current sample is 'M' and the previous sample was 'N', otherwise it outputs 'B'. Which description below correctly reflects the machine's output behavior?
  1. AIt produces output based on both the current input and the previous state.
  2. BIt produces output based only on the current input symbol.
  3. CIt waits until the next transition to output a value.
  4. DIt changes output only when the input switches from 'M' to 'N'.
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Correct answer: (A) It produces output based on both the current input and the previous state.

Q57CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
What is the primary function of a Finite State Machine (FSM) simulator?
  1. ATo transform FSMs directly into digital circuit layouts
  2. BTo reduce the number of states in FSMs without running them
  3. CTo convert FSMs into executable machine-level programs
  4. DTo visually or textually test and analyze FSM behavior based on inputs and transitions
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Correct answer: (D) To visually or textually test and analyze FSM behavior based on inputs and transitions

Q58CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
Which of the following best describes the memory hierarchy in a computer system?
  1. ACache → Main Memory → Registers → Secondary Storage
  2. BRegisters → Cache → Main Memory → Secondary Storage
  3. CSecondary Storage → Main Memory → Cache → Registers
  4. DMain Memory → Registers → Cache → Secondary Storage
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Correct answer: (B) Registers → Cache → Main Memory → Secondary Storage

Q59CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
What is the space complexity of an algorithm that uses only a constant amount of memory regardless of input size?
  1. AO(log n)
  2. BO(n2)
  3. CO(n)
  4. DO(1)
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Correct answer: (D) O(1)

Q60CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
A botanist creates a digital representation of a rare plant's evolutionary tree, where each node records a unique genetic mutation. During research, they need to extract the chronological sequence of mutations as they would naturally occur along the main lineage. Which traversal algorithm, when applied to the tree, most accurately reflects the order of these mutations if left sub-branches represent earlier side mutations and right sub-branches represent later side mutations?
  1. ALevel order traversal groups mutations by depth, not by evolutionary chronology.
  2. BPerforming an inorder traversal yields the desired mutation sequence along the main lineage.
  3. CA preorder traversal starts with the main mutation, missing proper side branch sequencing.
  4. DApplying a postorder traversal lists mutations from leaves to root, not main lineage order.
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Correct answer: (B) Performing an inorder traversal yields the desired mutation sequence along the main lineage.

Q61CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
A graduate student wants to find the likelihood of passing a Statistics exam, given that they attended all lectures. Which formula should the student use to determine the probability of passing given attendance?
  1. AThe formula P(Attend|Pass) = P(Pass and Attend) divided by P(Pass) is appropriate.
  2. BThe formula P(Pass) plus P(Attend) is appropriate for this scenario.
  3. CThe formula P(Pass) times P(Attend) is appropriate for this scenario.
  4. DThe formula P(Pass|Attend) = P(Pass and Attend) divided by P(Attend) is appropriate.
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Correct answer: (D) The formula P(Pass|Attend) = P(Pass and Attend) divided by P(Attend) is appropriate.

Q62CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
What is the initial value of top in an empty stack implemented using an array?
  1. A-1
  2. B1
  3. C0
  4. DDepends on stack size
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Correct answer: (A) -1

Q63CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
If a D Flip-Flop has D = 1 and a rising edge of the clock occurs, what will the Q output be with reference to Sequential Circuits?
  1. AToggle
  2. BUndefined
  3. C0
  4. D1
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Correct answer: (D) 1

Q64CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
Which of the following is not a property of a discrete random variable X, that takes any value from 0, 1, 2,...,n?
  1. AFor any possible value of X, P(X = x) ≥ 0
  2. BΣ P(X = x) = 1, the summation is taken over all possible values of X
  3. CP(X = n) < 0
  4. DIf A and B are two disjoint subsets of {0, 1, 2, ...,n} then P(A + B) = P(A) + P(B)
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Correct answer: (C) P(X = n) < 0

Q65CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
Which technique is commonly used by a compiler to recognize identifiers in a programming language?
  1. AHigh-level code optimization
  2. BRegular expressions and finite automata
  3. CManual code scanning
  4. DContext-free grammar
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Correct answer: (B) Regular expressions and finite automata

Q66CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
Identify the correct option for project operation in relational algebra: Statement-1: The project operation is a binary operation that returns its argument relation, with certain tuple left out. Statement-2: The result of the PROJECT operation can be visualized as a horizontal partition of the relation into two relations: one has the needed rows (tuples) and contains the result of the operation, and the other contains the discarded rows.
  1. AStatement-1 is True and Statement-2 is False
  2. BStatement-1 is True and Statement-2 is True
  3. CStatement-1 is False and Statement-2 is True
  4. DStatement-1 is False and Statement-2 is False
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Correct answer: (D) Statement-1 is False and Statement-2 is False

Q67CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
Which of the following correctly describes an SQL schema?
  1. AAn SQL schema is a view that aggregates data from multiple tables.
  2. BAn SQL schema automatically enforces all foreign key constraints across the database.
  3. CAn SQL schema is a table that stores all user data and constraints.
  4. DAn SQL schema is identified by a name, includes an authorization identifier for its owner, and contains descriptors for elements.
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Correct answer: (D) An SQL schema is identified by a name, includes an authorization identifier for its owner, and contains descriptors for elements.

Q68CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
Which of the following statements correctly describes Isolation and Transaction Isolation Levels in a database system? Statement-1: Ensuring the isolation property is the responsibility of a component of the database system called the concurrency-control system. Statement-2: The isolation levels may be Serializable, Repeatable read, Read committed, Read uncommitted and all the isolation levels additionally disallow dirty writes, that is, they disallow writes to a data item that has already been written by another transaction that has not yet committed or aborted.
  1. AStatement-1 is True and Statement-2 is True
  2. BStatement-1 is True and Statement-2 is False
  3. CStatement-1 is False and Statement-2 is False
  4. DStatement-1 is False and Statement-2 is True
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Correct answer: (A) Statement-1 is True and Statement-2 is True

Q69CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
What is the division of the main memory in Fixed Partitioning in memory management of operating system?
  1. ACreated as needed by the processes.
  2. BDynamically resized when a process terminates.
  3. CMade at boot time and remain unchanged in size and number.
  4. DDestroyed as needed by the processes.
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Correct answer: (C) Made at boot time and remain unchanged in size and number.

Q70CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
In an associative memory system, the key register holds:
  1. AThe memory address of the required data.
  2. BThe control bits for memory timing.
  3. CThe tag field used for parallel comparison.
  4. DThe binary result of address decoding.
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Correct answer: (C) The tag field used for parallel comparison.

Q71CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
What is the worst-case time complexity of a linear search algorithm in an unsorted array of n elements?
  1. AO(1)
  2. BO(log n)
  3. CO(n log n)
  4. DO(n)
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Correct answer: (D) O(n)

Q72CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
Which of the following is a necessary condition for a function f: A → B to be invertible?
  1. Af must be both one-to-one and onto
  2. Bf must be only one-to-one
  3. Cf must be only onto
  4. Df can be neither one-to-one nor onto
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Correct answer: (A) f must be both one-to-one and onto

Q73CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
A logistics company manages a tracking system where each package ID is stored in a chronological list as the packages are processed. An engineer suggests that, to locate a particular package's ID, the system should check each ID sequentially from the start until the target is found or the list ends. Which statement most accurately reflects the main drawback of this approach if the company expects the number of packages to increase dramatically over time?
  1. AFinding a package ID will become faster as the number of packages increases.
  2. BSearch time grows linearly with the number of packages.
  3. CThe time to search for any package ID will stay about the same, regardless of list size.
  4. DThe memory needed to store package IDs will remain constant even as the list grows.
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Correct answer: (B) Search time grows linearly with the number of packages.

Q74CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
Given two random variables X and Y with E(X) = 2, E(Y) = 3, and E(XY) = 10, what is the covariance of X and Y?
  1. A6
  2. B4
  3. C1
  4. D5
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Correct answer: (B) 4

Q75CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
Which of the following is true about IEEE standard floating-point formats?
  1. ASingle-precision uses 16 bits, double-precision uses 32 bits
  2. BSingle-precision uses 64 bits, double-precision uses 32 bits
  3. CBoth single and double precision use 32 bits
  4. DSingle-precision uses 32 bits, double-precision uses 64 bits
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Correct answer: (D) Single-precision uses 32 bits, double-precision uses 64 bits

Q76CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
Why is it considered good practice to close files explicitly even if the programming language runtime may close them at program termination?
  1. ATo protect the file from accidental deletion
  2. BTo guarantee file permissions are reset
  3. CTo release resources promptly and avoid resource leaks during execution
  4. DTo ensure the file remains hidden and cannot be reopened by others
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Correct answer: (C) To release resources promptly and avoid resource leaks during execution

Q77CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
Which of the following scenarios best describes a violation of the consistency property?
  1. ATwo transactions read and write the same record simultaneously.
  2. BData from a committed transaction is deleted after a restart.
  3. CA transaction partially runs due to a crash.
  4. DA transaction completes but leaves the database in a state where total credits ≠ total debits.
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Correct answer: (D) A transaction completes but leaves the database in a state where total credits ≠ total debits.

Q78CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
In a circular queue implemented using an array, how is the rear counter updated after an enqueue operation?
  1. AIncremented and wrapped around to the start if needed
  2. BThe rear counter is incremented but never wrapped around to the start
  3. CReset to zero unconditionally
  4. DNo update to rear pointer is needed in the enqueue operation
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Correct answer: (A) Incremented and wrapped around to the start if needed

Q79CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
Which of the following best describes the relationship between pointers and 1D array declaration in C programming language?
  1. AThe array name points to the first element, but is not a modifiable pointer.
  2. BThe array name and any pointer variable are interchangeable.
  3. CThe array name points to the last element of the array.
  4. DThe array name is a pointer variable and can be reassigned to a new address
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Correct answer: (A) The array name points to the first element, but is not a modifiable pointer.

Q80CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
What we called to the part of an instruction that specifies the operation to be performed?
  1. AComment
  2. BOperand
  3. CLabel
  4. DOpcode
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Correct answer: (D) Opcode

Q81CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
In a circular queue using arrays, the rear is at index 4, front is at index 2, and capacity = 5. Which expression checks if the queue is full?
  1. A(rear + 1 == front)
  2. B(rear == front - 1)
  3. C(rear == front)
  4. D((rear + 1) % capacity == front)
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Correct answer: (D) ((rear + 1) % capacity == front)

Q82CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
What shape is commonly used to represent an entity in an ER diagram?
  1. ADiamond
  2. BEllipse
  3. CRectangle
  4. DTriangle
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Correct answer: (C) Rectangle

Q83CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
Which statement about left recursion in context-free grammars is accurate?
  1. ALeft recursion can be direct or indirect and may lead to infinite recursion in top-down parsers.
  2. BLeft recursion is required for building LL(1) parsers without any modification.
  3. CLeft recursion has no impact on recursive-descent parsing.
  4. DLeft recursion occurs when a non-terminal appears at the end of its own production.
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Correct answer: (A) Left recursion can be direct or indirect and may lead to infinite recursion in top-down parsers.

Q84CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
Which of the following Windows API functions is used to write data to a file?
  1. Afwrite()
  2. BWriteFile()
  3. Cfprintf()
  4. DCreateFile()
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Correct answer: (B) WriteFile()

Q85CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
What will happen if a process with a higher priority arrives in the ready queue in preemptive scheduling algorithm?
  1. AIt pauses for the current process to finish its CPU burst.
  2. BThe scheduler compares the total execution times of all processes.
  3. CThe currently running process is immediately removed from the CPU.
  4. DThe CPU switches to the new process only if it has a smaller burst time.
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Correct answer: (C) The currently running process is immediately removed from the CPU.

Q86CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
Which of the following best describes the interaction between CPU and DMA during block transfer?
  1. ACPU transfers data to cache, DMA transfers it to I/O
  2. BCPU supervises every byte of transfer to ensure correctness
  3. CCPU and DMA alternate each word transfer over the bus
  4. DCPU sends control information once, then DMA handles the transfer independently
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Correct answer: (D) CPU sends control information once, then DMA handles the transfer independently

Q87CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
Which of the following statements are TRUE about server and client side scripting in computer networks? S1: PHP is used for server side scripting S2: HTML is used for database operations S3: CSS is used for server side scripting S4: ASP.NET is used for server side scripting
  1. AOnly S2 and S3
  2. BOnly S1 and S4
  3. COnly S1 and S3
  4. DOnly S1, S2 and S4
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Correct answer: (B) Only S1 and S4

Q88CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
What do you mean by TLD name servers?
  1. ATop-level disk name servers
  2. BTask-levelled data name servers
  3. CTiered-level domain name servers
  4. DTop-level domain name servers
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Correct answer: (D) Top-level domain name servers

Q89CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
You are tasked to construct a binary search tree (BST) from a stream of incoming sensor readings, where each reading is processed as it arrives. Midway, the sensor malfunctions and emits a duplicate reading not originally in the stream. To preserve BST properties and ensure efficient future search operations, which strategy should you employ for the duplicate reading?
  1. AAllow the duplicate in the left subtree and continue
  2. BAllow the duplicate in the right subtree and continue
  3. CIgnore the duplicate and continue inserting unique values
  4. DReplace the existing node with the duplicate value and continue
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Correct answer: (C) Ignore the duplicate and continue inserting unique values

Q90CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
The minimized Deterministic Finite State Machine (DFSM) in theory of computation for a language always has:
  1. AExactly one final state
  2. BEqual number of final and non-final states
  3. CThe same number of states as the NFA
  4. DThe minimum number of states possible for that language
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Correct answer: (D) The minimum number of states possible for that language

Q91CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
LR Parsing is known for being:
  1. ATop-down parsing
  2. BNon-deterministic always
  3. CLeft-recursive only
  4. DBottom-up parsing
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Correct answer: (D) Bottom-up parsing

Q92CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
Which scenario is least suitable for sparse matrix representation in computer memory?
  1. AAn adjacency matrix for a large network
  2. BA large matrix with many zeros
  3. CA diagonal matrix
  4. DA matrix where most elements are nonzero
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Correct answer: (D) A matrix where most elements are nonzero

Q93CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
What does a node in a singly linked list typically contain?
  1. AData and one pointer
  2. BA pointer only
  3. CData and two pointers
  4. DData only
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Correct answer: (C) Data and two pointers

Q94CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
In a memory system with fixed-sized partitions, each holding one process (as in IBM OS/360 MFT). Which statement is correct?
  1. AEach partition holds multiple processes
  2. BMultiprogramming limited; internal fragmentation possible
  3. CMultiprogramming is unlimited
  4. DPartition size adjusts dynamically
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Correct answer: (B) Multiprogramming limited; internal fragmentation possible

Q95CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
In an associative memory system, the argument register is used to:
  1. AStore the result of a match
  2. BGenerate memory addresses sequentially
  3. CCompare with key fields in all memory locations simultaneously
  4. DHold data to be written into memory
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Correct answer: (C) Compare with key fields in all memory locations simultaneously

Q96CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
Which parsing method uses a stack to store symbols and reduces them when a right-hand side pattern is recognized?
  1. ATop-Down Parsing
  2. BRecursive Descent Parsing
  3. CPredictive Parsing
  4. DShift-Reduce Parsing
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Correct answer: (D) Shift-Reduce Parsing

Q97CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
A list of n-1 integers is provided, where each integer is in the range of 1 to n, and there are no duplicates. One integer is missing from the list. What is the time and space complexity if we apply a brute force algorithm to find the missing integer?
  1. AO(n) time, O(n) space
  2. BO(1) time, O(1) space
  3. CO(n log n) time, O(1) space
  4. DO(n2) time, O(1) space
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Correct answer: (D) O(n2) time, O(1) space

Q98CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
Consider a binary search tree (BST). Which one of the following properties is always true for an inorder traversal of the BST?
  1. AIt gives the nodes in descending order of values of keys
  2. BIt gives the nodes in random order of values of keys
  3. CIt only visits the leftmost and rightmost nodes
  4. DIt gives the nodes in ascending order of values of keys
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Correct answer: (D) It gives the nodes in ascending order of values of keys

Q99CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
In computer networks, what is the primary difference between a service and a protocol?
  1. AA service is used by lower layers, while a protocol belongs to higher layers.
  2. BBoth service and protocol define how operations are performed.
  3. CA protocol defines what operations are performed; a service defines how they are performed.
  4. DA service defines what operations are provided; a protocol defines how they are performed.
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Correct answer: (D) A service defines what operations are provided; a protocol defines how they are performed.

Q100CIL MT Systems, 24 Aug 2026 (3:00 PM, CBT-26)
Which of the following is an application of compiler technology?
  1. ADisk scheduling
  2. BCache mapping
  3. CCode optimization
  4. DVirtual memory management
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Correct answer: (C) Code optimization

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