Computer Science Previous Year Questions (page 16)

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Regional art and craft comes from the people of a region and reflects their traditional culture. It has its own folk aesthetics and is not bound by classical rules of proportion and rhythm. Both statements are taken as correct.

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To promote gender equality, teachers should use gender-neutral language and avoid giving tasks based on gender stereotypes. Both practices help.

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Gender discrimination can come from unequal educational opportunities, from government policies and from family and parents' attitudes, so all three are sources.

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u = sin⁻¹(f), where f = (x + 2y)/(x⁸ + y⁸) is homogeneous of degree 1 − 8 = −7. By the corollary of Euler's theorem, x(∂u/∂x) + y(∂u/∂y) = n·f(u)/f'(u) = −7 sin u/cos u = −7 tan u.

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A proposal tries to persuade the reader to act and highlights the benefits of the proposed idea. Both functions are at play.

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Ctrl + Z undoes the last action in MS Word. Ctrl + J justifies, Ctrl + I is italic and Ctrl + K inserts a hyperlink.

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A joystick sends user input to the computer. Plotters, printers and speakers are output devices.

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Functions (which return a value) and subroutines (procedures) are both types of subprograms.

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Memory management keeps track of which parts of memory are in use and which are free, and it allocates free space to the processes to be loaded next. Both are primary tasks.

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The unary * operator, which gives the value a pointer points to, is called the indirection (dereference) operator.

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Pass 1 moves 85 to the end: 37, 21, 54, 68, 12, 9, 57, 85. Pass 2 moves 68 to its place: 21, 37, 54, 12, 9, 57, 68, 85.

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The comma operator evaluates v = 20, then v + 2, and returns the last value, so k = 22. (The "/n" is printed literally after it.)

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22→4, 28→1, 23→5, 12→3. 13 mod 9 = 4 is taken, so linear probing tries 5 (taken), then 6, which is free. So 13 goes to index 6.

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Batch files on DOS/Windows use the .BAT extension (newer ones may also use .CMD).

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Real-time operating systems are either hard (deadlines must always be met) or soft (occasional misses are tolerated). Both are types.

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A base-b system uses b symbols, from 0 to b − 1 (e.g. decimal uses 0-9 and binary uses 0-1).

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With n bits there are 2ⁿ combinations, which cover 0 to 2ⁿ − 1, so n bits are enough.

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The collating sequence is the defined order of the characters in a character set (e.g. ASCII), used when comparing and sorting text.

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The output is 0 only when all inputs are 1 and 1 otherwise, which is (ABC)', the NAND function.

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An astable multivibrator has no stable state; it keeps switching between its two quasi-stable states, which is how it works as an oscillator.

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The figure of merit of a logic IC is the speed-power product: propagation delay × power dissipation. A lower value is better.

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A T flip-flop toggles its state on each clock pulse when T = 1 and keeps its state when T = 0. Both statements are correct.

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XNOR is the equivalence function, written Y = A ⊙ B. A ⊕ B is XOR, (A + B)' is NOR and (AB)' is NAND.

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The hierarchical model (e.g. IBM's IMS, 1960s) is the oldest of these. The relational model came in 1970, and the object-oriented and deductive models later.

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DDLC is the Database Development Life Cycle: the stages of planning, designing, building and maintaining a database.

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In X → Y, X is the determinant and Y is the dependent, because X determines the value of Y.

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Connection traps (fan traps and chasm traps) are problems that can arise in an ER model, where the relationships do not give the intended paths between entities.

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A multivalued attribute is drawn as a double oval. A double diamond is an identifying relationship and a double rectangle is a weak entity.

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A checkpoint is a point where all log records and modified buffers are written to disk, which synchronises the database with the log and limits how much must be redone during recovery.

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2K = 2048 = 2¹¹ words, so 11 address lines are needed, and each word is 16 bits, so 16 data lines.

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An n-bit parallel (ripple-carry) adder chains n full adders, one per bit.

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XOR gates on the B inputs pass B through when the control is 0 and invert it when the control is 1. With carry-in = 1, this gives 2's complement subtraction, so one circuit does both.

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A + B = 01110110 (118) + 10000101 (133) = 11111011 (251), and B + 1 = 10000101 + 1 = 10000110.

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Pseudo-instructions (assembler directives such as ORG, END, DEC) are commands to the assembler. They are not translated into machine instructions.

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font-weight sets how bold the text is (normal, bold, 100-900). font-style sets italic.

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list-style is the shorthand property that sets list-style-type, list-style-position and list-style-image in one declaration.

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Under accounting rules, a decrease in an asset is credited and an increase in a liability is credited. Both are correct.

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Depreciation is the decline in the book value of fixed assets, and it continues throughout the asset's useful life. Both are features.

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Using the forward difference approximation, f'(3) ≈ [f(4) − f(3)]/h = (0.602 − 0.477)/1 = 0.125.

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ROCOF stands for Rate of Occurrence of Failure, the frequency of failures over time, used as a software reliability metric.

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In a DFD, a rectangle is an external entity, two parallel lines are a data store, the document shape is output, and a circle (bubble) is a process.

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Structured partitioning divides a program both horizontally (separate branches for major functions) and vertically (control at the top, work done at the bottom).

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A level-0 DFD is called the context diagram: it shows the whole system as one process with its external entities.

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Coupling measures the degree of functional interdependence between two modules. Low coupling is desirable. Functional strength within one module is cohesion.

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A code walkthrough is an informal technique for analysing code, so I is true. It is done after the module has been coded and compiled, not before coding, so II is false.

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Boundary value analysis tests values just outside and at each boundary of the valid range 1-4000: 0, 1, 4000 and 4001.

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javap is the Java class file disassembler. It shows the fields, methods and bytecode of a .class file. javac compiles and javadoc generates HTML docs.

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In Java, a final class cannot be subclassed and a final method cannot be overridden. Both are correct.

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With a String on the left, each + is string concatenation: "exam" + 9 gives "exam9", and so on, giving "exam999". The 9s are not added to 27.

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With RR (q = 1), the order is a, b, c, d, a, c, d, a, c, a. b ends at 2 and d at 7, and a's fourth slice ends at time 10.