Computer Science Previous Year Questions (page 9)

Explanation

Cache is a small, fast memory between the CPU and main memory. It gives near-register speed for frequently used data, while the large cheaper main memory provides the size.

Explanation

Binary search halves the list at each step, and 32 = 2⁵, so it takes about log₂32 = 5 comparisons. Strictly, the worst case is ⌊log₂32⌋ + 1 = 6, but 6 is not an option, so the intended answer is 5.

Explanation

132A in hex = 0001 0011 0010 1010 in binary. Regrouping in 3s from the right gives 1 001 100 101 010 = 11452 in octal.

Explanation

Linear search may have to check every one of the n elements in the worst case, so it takes O(n) time.

Explanation

A natural join takes the Cartesian product, keeps the rows where common attributes are equal (selection), then projects away the duplicate columns. So it is a projection of a filtered Cartesian product.

Explanation

Demand paging (virtual memory) loads pages only when they are needed, so a program larger than physical memory can still run. Thrashing is a performance problem, not a technique.

Explanation

Inorder traversal visits left subtree, root, then right subtree. Left subtree gives a + b * d, then the root −, then the right subtree e / f, giving a + b * d − e/f.

Explanation

Good modular design aims for low coupling (little dependence between modules) and high cohesion (each module focuses on one task).

Explanation

A missing person_ID breaks entity integrity, because a primary key cannot be null. An age of −45 is outside the valid domain, so domain integrity is also broken.

Explanation

Inheritance flows from the base class to the derived class. The public and protected members of point are inherited into circle, not the other way round, so statement D is false.

Explanation

In Java, new int[4][5] creates 4 rows and 5 columns. Declarations like int array[4][5] are not valid Java, and [5][4] has the dimensions reversed.

Explanation

Operands are pushed onto a stack. When an operator is read, the top two operands are popped, the operator is applied and the result is pushed back, so a stack is the natural structure for postfix evaluation.

Explanation

The main goal of OOP is reusability: classes, inheritance and polymorphism let existing code be reused and extended.

Explanation

EAT = 0.8 × 100 + 0.2 × 400 = 80 + 80 = 160 ns.

Explanation

Since 22 > 15 is true, the conditional operator picks x + y = 22 + 15 = 37, which is assigned to x.

Explanation

for(; f ;) has no update expression of its own, and f starts at 1 and is incremented each time by f++. f never becomes 0 in normal counting, so the condition stays true and the loop runs forever.

Explanation

Unordered list bullets in HTML (the type attribute) can be disc, square or circle. Triangle is not a standard bullet type.

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In the client-server model, the client sends a request for data or a service, and the server processes the request and returns the result.

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A class whose objects are created dynamically, or that allocates memory with new, needs a destructor to free that memory. Otherwise the memory leaks.

Explanation

A Von Neumann machine runs one instruction stream on one data stream at a time, which in Flynn's classification is SISD.

Explanation

(A) is wrong because ROM is non-volatile. (C) is wrong because RAM includes both static and dynamic RAM. (B) and (D) are true.

Explanation

Pulse code modulation samples, quantises and encodes a signal into binary pulses, giving a digital signal. AM, FM and ASK modulate an analog carrier.

Explanation

Networks allow resource sharing, improve reliability and availability through redundancy, and improve performance by spreading load. All three are advantages.

Explanation

A Wide Area Network covers large geographical areas such as cities or countries. A LAN covers a single building or campus.

Explanation

In a slotted ring, a station may transmit only when it holds an empty slot or token circulating on the ring. CSMA/CD is a contention (random access) protocol.

Explanation

The z-buffer method stores a depth value for every pixel, so it can handle any surface for which depth can be computed at each pixel, including non-polygonal and non-planar patches, with no sorting needed.

Explanation

Raster images are grids of pixels, commonly called bitmaps (a pixmap is the multi-bit-per-pixel form).

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Scaling multiplies coordinates by scale factors, which changes the size of the object. Translation changes the location.

Explanation

Declaring the formal (reference) parameters as const lets the function read the caller's data without being able to modify it.

Explanation

C supports only call by value. Even a pointer is passed by value (a copy of the address); call by reference is only simulated by using that address.

Explanation

A width in %4s limits input: scanf reads at most 4 non-whitespace characters into str. It may read fewer if whitespace comes first.

Explanation

A[2] is an int pointer, A[2][3] is an int reached through it, and B[2][3] is an int, so all three can be assigned. B[1] is an array (int[10]), and an array cannot be assigned, so only I, II and IV are valid.

Explanation

printf runs before the if statement, so continue only skips the (empty) rest of the loop body. Every value from 1 to 5 is printed: 12345.

Explanation

When users get navigational control and can move through the content in any order, the multimedia project is non-linear and interactive.

Explanation

Baud rate = 1000 signal units per second. Bit rate = baud × bits per unit = 1000 × 4 = 4000 bps.

Explanation

ASP.NET code runs on the IIS server, and only the resulting HTML is sent to the browser. Viewing the page source shows pure HTML.

Explanation

Memory allocated with new[] for an array must be freed with delete [] pp, so that the whole array is released and destructors run for every element.

Explanation

With n processes each needing k units, n(k−1) + 1 units guarantee no deadlock: 3 × (2−1) + 1 = 4.

Explanation

4096 = 2¹², which in binary is 1 followed by twelve 0s. That needs 13 bits (12 bits can go only up to 4095).

Explanation

Java's garbage collector automatically reclaims the memory of objects that are no longer referenced by any part of the program.

Explanation

DTD stands for Document Type Definition. It defines the legal elements and attributes of an XML or XHTML document.

Explanation

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) transfers e-mail between mail servers. HTTP is for web pages, FTP for files and SNMP for network management.

Explanation

OLE is Object Linking and Embedding, Microsoft's technology for linking or embedding objects from one application in a document of another.

Explanation

B ⊕ C = B ⊕ (A ⊕ B) = A ⊕ (B ⊕ B) = A ⊕ 0 = A.

Explanation

The first OR gate gives A + B', which is ANDed with C' to give (A + B')·C'. This result is ORed with D, so the output is (A + B')·C' + D.

Explanation

Python dictionaries have pop(), popitem() and get(), but no remove() method. remove() belongs to lists and sets.

Explanation

Closing cash = 4,00,000 + 3,20,000 − 2,80,000 = ₹4,40,000. Outstanding salary has not been paid in cash, so it does not reduce the cash balance.

Explanation

Closing balance = opening + receipts − payments = 6,00,000 + 2,50,000 − 3,20,000 = ₹5,30,000.

Explanation

NEP 2020 states that the M.Phil. programme shall be discontinued.

Explanation

Adolescence is called the period of "stress and storm" (G. Stanley Hall), because of rapid physical, emotional and social changes.